Updated October 12, 2025

Have you ever encountered a canine with a strikingly purple tongue? This odd trait has long intrigued dog lovers and pet owners. At first, it may seem odd, but a purple tongue in dogs is a natural trait of some breeds. This article will explore the causes, the breeds with this trait, and any health risks associated with purple tongues.

What Causes A Dog to Have A Purple Tongue?

A dog’s purple tongue is due to high levels of melanin pigments. These pigments color the skin, hair, and mucous membranes in animals and humans. In dogs with purple tongues, melanin causes a darker, purplish tint. The exact mechanisms behind this heightened pigmentation are not fully understood, but it is believed to be an inherited trait passed down through generations. 

Breeds of Dogs With Purple Tongues

Some notable dog breeds that commonly exhibit this unique feature include:

1. Chow Chow: This ancient breed from northern China is perhaps best known for its distinctive purple-black tongue, attributed to its high melanin content.
2. Shar-Pei: Another breed with Chinese roots, the Shar-Pei, is known for its wrinkly skin and a deep purple or light lavender tongue.
3. Lhasa Apso: This small breed originates from the Himalayas of Tibet and features a long, flowing coat and a distinctive, purple-tinged tongue. The tongue of this breed can vary in its purple hue and intensity. 
4. Thai Ridgeback: Known as the Mah Thai, this ancient Thai breed has a unique ridge of hair on its back and a purple tongue that ranges from a deep purple to a more muted lavender shade.
5. Pugs aren’t as famous for their purple tongues as some other breeds, but they can also have this trait. 

Health Implications of a Purple Tongue In Dogs

A purple tongue in dogs is usually harmless. However, pet owners should know that there may be some health risks.

• Increased risk of oral melanoma: Dogs with more melanin in their tongues may have a slightly higher risk of oral melanoma, a mouth cancer. While the risk is low, regular vet check-ups can catch any issues early.
• Sunlight sensitivity: Dogs with purple tongues may be more prone to sunburn or irritation on their tongues from too much sun due to increased melanin content, which can make the tongue more sensitive to UV rays.
• Potential for discoloration: In some cases, a purple tongue may become discolored or develop unusual markings or spots. This isn’t usually a major concern, but it’s always best to have a vet check any significant changes.

How To Care For a Dog With a Purple Tongue

Some considerations for caring for a dog with a purple tongue are:

1. Sun protection: Dogs with purple tongues may be susceptible to sunburn or an irritated tongue. Provide shade or shelter on hot, sunny days and limit exposure to direct sunlight.
2. Regular dental check-ups: Good oral hygiene is vital for all dogs. Regular check-ups and cleanings can prevent gum disease, tooth decay, and oral cancer.
3. Hydration: Ensure that your dog has access to fresh, clean water at all times. Proper hydration can help maintain the health of their tongue and overall well-being.

Dogs with Purple Tongues – FAQs

Is it normal for dogs to have purple tongues?

Yes, for certain breeds. Chow Chows and Chinese Shar-Peis naturally have blue-black tongues due to genetics and melanin. Many breeds (Akitas, Australian Shepherds, Golden Retrievers, Labs, Pugs, etc.) can have purple or black spots. However, if a dog’s tongue suddenly turns purple from pink, it’s a medical emergency indicating a lack of oxygen.

What causes purple tongues in dogs?

Natural causes: Genetics and melanin distribution (breed trait), melanin deposits (like birthmarks), or food staining.

Medical emergencies: Cyanosis (oxygen deficiency) from heart disease, respiratory issues, choking, toxin exposure, shock, or hypothermia. Brachycephalic breeds may develop blue tongues from breathing difficulties.

When should I seek emergency veterinary care?

Seek immediate help if your dog’s tongue suddenly turns purple/blue (was previously pink), accompanied by difficulty breathing, gasping, coughing, choking signs, lethargy, weakness, pale gums, collapse, or loss of consciousness. This indicates a life-threatening lack of oxygen.

What health risks do dogs with naturally purple tongues face?

Slightly increased risk of oral melanoma (mouth cancer), potential sunlight sensitivity and sunburn on tongues, and possible discoloration or unusual markings. Chow Chow puppies develop blue tongues between 8-10 weeks, typically completing this development by six months.

How should I care for a dog with a naturally purple tongue?

Provide sun protection and shade, maintain regular dental check-ups and cleanings, ensure proper hydration, brush teeth at least three times weekly, and monitor for changes in color, texture, or new spots (especially raised ones). Regular vet visits help detect oral cancers early.